Tuesday, 19 February 2013

Monthly Archives: November 2012


Blog Awards and more Tanks

A new blog award is doing the rounds. I hate them. You nominate one friend but forget another, so it’s brave faces on top but always trembly lower lips underneath. So I thought that I would explain why I like the blogs that I follow instead:
A Few Rounds More : Not many people concern themselves with 20th century Far Eastern Wargaming, so this blog is a rare treasure.
The Crusader Project : Andreas really knows his stuff and has brought it together in a considered fashion from the Axis side.
A Wargaming Miscellany : Bob’s period of history is the late 19th century, especially naval, and the Spanish Civil War. Again, he knows what he is talking about. Bob organises the Wargames Development annual conference with Tim Gow.
Brazos Evil Empire : Every time that you think you have a handle on Don, he vectors off at a tangent. I never know what he’s going to do next, but I want to be there when he does it.
Vintage Wargaming : Classic wargaming. I’m in it for the nostalgia.
Megablitz and More : Tim is the other half of the Wargames Development team that organise the conference every year. His blog demonstrates that he may be on the way to overtaking Peter Shulman as the General Jumbo of the wargames world.
Whoever dies with the most toys wins.
Anon.
P.B. Eye-candy : Phil’s training as an art historian shows in his approach to wargaming. History is to the fore, and his models are little jewels. His trademark is the exquisite fully-painted figure with the odd unpainted head-swap to prove that he is human!
Wargaming 4 Grown-ups : Another graduate historian, Graham’s stuff is well thought out and original, with fully painted armies. Just as mine will be some day ….
Olicanalad’s Games :  Superb modelling, finished paint jobs, excellent terrain and a dedicated wargames room. I’m not given to envy, but visit the link and weep :O)
… and that’s just nine, not including the reference blogs. I should get around to listing all the other blogs that I follow on the blogroll. Next week perhaps? In the meantime, I’ve been adding to the DAK tank park.

The grey PzIIIg on the far left is a Zvezda. Except for those wretched split tracks, the Plastic Soldier Company offerings are superior in detail. I made a PzIIIf, IIIg and the rest as IIIhs for the Western Desert. This completes the tank park for 21 and 15 Panzer division. The PzIV is an old Roco, originally in Graham Hockley’s collection. The remaining tanks with green flock bases are metal Piggies, and standardising base sizes is making the collection hang together better. You can blame Olicana Lad for that! I just don’t have the storage space for the base sizes that he uses, but visually, they are excellent.

Axis Airstrips in the Mediterranean – Castel Vetrano

CASTEL VETRANO airfield on Sicily was a pretty simple affair. A single runway with aircraft parked alongside make it an easy strip to represent with a piece of flat card, and is presumably typical of a hastily built airstrip. Here is a picture copyrighted to the Imperial War Museum as picture C 4183  “showing Junkers Ju 52 and Savoia Marchetti SM 82 transport aircraft, January 1942.” :

I can count about 68 aircraft parked around the perimeter, give or take a couple, so that’s two NQM aircraft models on the table. Here is CASTEL VETRANO in the mid-afternoon sun:
tankers 007
Zvezda Ju-52, scratchbuilt tanker, air traffic control van is an Austrian wooden children’s toy, two ground crew stands and a Liberator converted into a Z.1007bis Alcione

Privates on Parade (Soldati Arruolati in Parata)

A splendid box of Italian Desert Infantry arrived from Old Glory Miniatures UK this week. Very lively castings they are too, with much arm waving, shouting and gesticulating. Their jaunty hats and solar topees are most stylish, as are the scarves wrapped around their necks. We shall see if these theatrically martial descendents of the Roman Legions fight as well as did their forefathers.

Stage I : Involved a good deal of  sorting out and parading on the divisional grid square to see where everyone should go. There is usually a lot of shuffling about and raiding of my bits box before ‘eyes front’ and calling the parade to attention. Some redundant Japanese and Dutch Piggies from a previous order were put into the 3rd rank to fill the 45mm mortar slots. The Dutch thought they were being shipped to the Far East!

Stage II : Fill in the missing bits. You can see the scratchbuilt grey-painted 81mm mortars filling a shortfall in the orbat in the front and back. Not OG’s fault – they sent what I asked for, but when the alternative to ordering a pack of 5 mortars is 50, then my razor saw and aluminium rod came out instead.
Stage III : Adjust headgear. This meant filing the ‘Jap hats’ to remove peaks and sun flaps, then filing a groove to turn them into ‘chip bag hats’. A couple of head swaps added pith helmets. Cork is my favourite basing material at present. It cuts and sands easily, is reasonably dimensionally stable  and will accept pins stuck directly into it.

Stage IV : Undercoat. In this case, with a khaki Humbrol spray. I can now relax with a clear conscience that this division is no longer on the ‘lead pile’ and could, at a pinch, fight as a green formation tomorrow if called upon. The metropolitan division is now formed up, so the next step will be to finish the Bersaglieri and Blackshirt Legion regiments.
In the Good Old Days, I used to treat undercoated troops as green, upgrading them gradually as they fought battles, acquiring more paint detail until they eventually became veteran. It provided an incentive to finish stuff.

Signature Equipment – Lorraine Schlepper 15cm and Other Tracked Guns

Back in my days as a recce officer for an amphibious engineer troop, the concept of a piece of signature equipment was drilled into us. In my case, it was a Ferret armoured car with a huge cargo rack on the back and an Avon inflatable dinghy perched precariously on top. See one of those lurking on a river bank and it was a fair bet that come dusk, a corps level bridge would be floating there. My driver was good at hiding his Ferret in big bushes whilst his boss swam or rowed over the river towing a piece of string to measure the gap!

Panzer II sIG 33

The SIG 33 was one such signature piece in the DAK . Twelve? made it to North Africa:
All vehicles were grouped into 707th and 708th sIG Kp (Sfl.) – heavy infantry gun companies and were shipped to Libya, North Africa from February to April of 1942. They proved to be prone to constant mechanical breakdowns and only few were operational by using other ones as sources for spare parts. Eight were lost by December 2nd of 1942, while other six served with DAK – Deutsches Afrika Korps until spring of 1943 when last of them was eliminated (abandoned).”
For real afficionados of esoteria, apparently one PzIII chassis was converted in the field into a sIG 15cm. See plan 9 below or go ahead and build one. You know you want to!


The Panzerjäger I 4.7cm served in 605 Battalion at Korps Level:
“Twenty-seven Panzerjäger Is equipped Anti-tank Battalion 605 in North Africa. It arrived in Tripoli, Libya between 18 and 21 March 1941. Five replacements were sent in September 1941, but only three arrived on 2 October as the others had been sunk on board the freighter Castellon. At the start of the British Operation Crusader the battalion was at full strength, but lost thirteen vehicles during the battles. Four more replacements were sent in January 1942 so that it mustered seventeen at the beginning of the Battle of Gazala. Despite the shipment of another three vehicles in September/October 1942 the battalion only had eleven by the beginning of the Second Battle of El Alamein. The last two replacements received by the battalion were in November 1942.”


Another signature piece, the Lorraine Schlepper 15cm (SdKfz 351) was issued to 15th (10) and 21st (11) Panzer divisions in time for ALAMEIN, so wargamers (including me!) want to see them on the table as a signature piece of equipment. Given that the total guns (21) are only two strength points (s2), split between two divisions, how can this be achieved?

Lorraine Schlepper 15cm
The Author’s FoW Lorraine Schlepper 15cm (SdKfz 351), purchased before all the commoner British equipment, naturally! An SdKfzW 250 stands in as a limber

Plan A: Just substitute a Schlepper for the divisional 105mm gun – 155th Artillery Regiment from 21st Panzer division -   (Lorraine Schlepper  15cm (s3) may be substituted for the 105mm), Sdkfz 10 Limber (s3), 50mm Pak (s3)
Plan B: Substitute a sIG 33  (s1) for the Regimental 15cm guns in 707/708 infantry gun companies from 90th Light division and lump it in with one of the regiments.
Plan C: Add the Schleppers as an (s2) and sIG 33 (s1) Korps level unit in with the PanzerJaeger I of 605 Bn. Reduce each 105mm divisional strength to (s2) and (s1) to compensate (This would be my normal preferred option, but not in this case).
Plan 9 from outer Space: The number of hulls is insignificant. Ignore them. (I didn’t say that Plan 9 was a good plan!)

Rinforzi in arrivo (Reinforcements arrive*)

A couple of boxes of goodies arrived in the post this week. Peter Pig was the quickest, followed shortly by a box of Zvezda from Wonderland Models in Edinburgh. What I should have done this weekend, is get the plastics made up and onto bases for spray painting. What I actually did was to reorganise my existing Italian infantry bases in anticipation of a Command Decision order.



For anyone who is wondering, quite legitimately, why the author of umpire guidelines that specify no base sizes, is rebasing his toys, the following explanation may help :  Real estate and manpower.



My Billy Bookshelf Boxes are of a size that is a fraction too small for most armies’ early war divisions at full orbat. Now that I am modelling mid war divisions, tactical units (platoons and companies) are usually smaller than they were at the beginning of the war. Whereas 30-plus sized platoons were common, now they are more like 20-25 men strong. I use roughly 30mm square (or round) bases a lot, but now 25mm is becoming more common with two figures per base; so smaller base sizes and a bit of judicious thinning of the orbat is enough to squeeze a quart into a pint pot.



A quick Excel template was useful for making sure that slots in the Orbat were not missed inadvertently, but my orbats are not usually full anyway. Italian XX Corps is coming along nicely. Modelling two armoured divisions, a motorised division, and an infantry division with both colonial and metropolitan troops in it, should suffice. I may be able to get away with just one Besaglieri and one Blackshirt Legion regiment each, as I don’t expect that both armoured divisions will be dismounting their infantry and attacking at the same time. I may well be wrong. A few quick conversions of LMGs into 45mm mortars were required to balance the orbat.
More senior viewers could be forgiven for not spotting in this scale the elegant conversion, with brass rod, of the two prone crew in the front row and the two chaps in the second row behind the MMGs! This qualifies as a ‘not-pointless project‘, defined by Phil Steele, as Peter Pig makes a perfectly good 45mm mortar. However, I have an excess of LMGs, for which NQM doesn’t differentiate, and more 45mm mortars are needed. So that’s that!



* This translation was just plugged into Google translate, so if anyone knows the correct Italian, I would be grateful to hear it.

Trains to Tankers

The cake decoration train sat on my workbench for a week as I scratched around for a ‘look’ to disguise its origin. At first it looked a bit like a Radschlepper Ost as the wheels that I found were proportionately oversized for the body. No RSOs ever made it out to the Western Desert though.

Radschlepper Ost copyright http://www.saharahobby.pl

But a bit more rummaging located some 1/72 Airfix 88mm trailer mudguards, which have proved useful before for wooden trucks, so the final product looked more Italian than German. 30 Corps will probably end up using it as a captured tanker anyway.



The end result is closer to the Camioneta Fiat Modello 42, without being in any way an accurate likeness. It’s the sort of thing that the Fiat designers might have come up with if they only had an old cake decoration to start with!



Camioneta Fiat Modello 42 uncredited on the Axis History Forum


Undercoat on the Fiat Torta Decorazione Treno Carburante Petroliera (snappy name, no? ). 

A few coats of paint are what’s needed now. I should keep it simple, but the scheme on the Camioneta above looks rather alluring! It’s funny how the unpainted patches that the eye misses always leap out in photos.

Commonsense prevails. Simple desert scheme it is! the three tanker types in the fleet to date.
 

Tanker Rollout

Heartened by previous favourable comments, the tankers have moved through the paintshop in Tripoli faster than a fat girl racing for the last pie on the plate. Having said that, the tankers look a bit Morris-ey now.

A simple khaki undercoat was followed by desert sand (Humbrol 63), a bit of grey for the tyres and windows, followed by some black lining .That’s it now until they have been played with for a few times and picked up some character. My detail brush is in the foreground. The black lining is done with a superdetail ’0′.
The train-into-tanker conversion isn’t looking promising yet, but it’s early days. The Barbie pink will have to go!

Not Quite Two-Star

Inspired by Phil Steele’s Zis-5 (BZ)  Tanker  conversion, I did some enthusiastic rummaging around in my bits boxes (Suzanne calls it “the garage”) to drum up enough wheels for 3 trucks. These tankers will fill some of the holes in divisional orbats. The thought and planning phase has occupied two months, but all three models were built in an afternoon.

The models are deliberately “Not Quite” anything so that they can stand in for whoever happens to need tankers. My fleet now stands at five, but I think that I will probably need around a dozen eventually. The Zvezda The Zis-5 And Junior General Truck Chit were kept handy to prevent scale creep, which can happen all too easily. As I was building, a pernicious thought crept into my head;
“That train boiler looks a bit like a tanker body”. Hmmm.

Unlike Phil, I went for the “as cluttered as I can get” look to draw attention away from the fact that these scratchbuilds are essentially the parents of scrapwood, paper and cake decoration wheels with a bit of plastic girder thrown in. The advantage of using paper for the mudguards is that they are close to scale thin-ness, (not that I actually care, given the liberties that I have taken everywhere else!)
Pictures of the painted tankers to follow.

Oktoberfest: Artillery Forts and Xanten (Colonia Ulpia Traiana )

As any seasoned drinker knows, the Germans celebrate their Oktoberfests mainly in September.
Suzanne and I visited Xanten (Colonia Ulpia Traiana), a rather good part-reconstruction of a Roman colonial walled city, as part of a tour of Germany. Of more relevance to this blog was a chance find at the Hook of Holland of a Maginot-style artillery fort guarding the estuary. It is the way of these things that Suzanne saw it with 30 minutes to go before we were due to board, so a few hurried shots were all that I managed as I jogged around the perimeter.
In case anyone is anxious that we missed the beer, there was plenty left in October.

1st Free French Brigade Group at BIR HAKIEM


Converted Peter Pigs from Phil Steele’s collection. 
Copyright Phil Steele.
Crucial to any GAZALA Battle is the contribution of General Koenig’s Free French Brigade (1FF) at BIR HAKIEM. Fortunately, I don’t have to model them as Phil Steel has already made an excellent job of it in 15mm, allbeit he painted them originally as Vichy French. . 1FF seemed to be plentifully supplied with 75mm artillery of one sort or another, which I have amalgamated into the 1st Flying Column portee.

1st Free French Brigade (1FF) (Gen Koenig)
1st Free French Tank Coy
1st Free French Flying Column
1st Fusiliers Marine
2nd Bn French Foreign Legion
3rd Bn Infanterie Marine Pacifique
1st Moroccan Spahis
Engineer
Anti-tank
Anti-aircraft
Logistic

Later on, at ALAMEIN :

1st Free French Division : (Gen Koenig)
- Compagnie de QG51 : Lt Muracciole
- 2e Bataillon de la Légion Etrangère : Cl Amilakvary
- 1e Bataillon d’Infanterie de Marine et du Pacifique : Cdt Bouillon
- 22e Compagnie Nord Africaine : Cpt Lequesne
- 1e Regiment d’Artillerie : Cdt Laurent-Champrosay
- 1e Bataillon de Fusilliers- Marins (A.A.) : CC Amyot d’Inville
- Compagnie Anti-Chars (A.T.) : Cpt Jacquin
- 1e Compagnie de Sapeurs-Mineurs : Cpt Desmaisons
- 1e Compagnie Transmissions : Cpt Renard
- 101e Compagnie Auto (transport) : Cpt Dulau
- Atelier Lourd de Réparations Auto n°1 : Cpt Bell
- Intendance : Int Bouton
- Groupe d’exploitation n°1 : Lt Foussat
- Groupe Sanitaire Divisionnaire n°1 : Med-Cdt Vignes
- Ambulance Chirurgicale Légère : Med-Cdt Durbach
- Hôpital de Campagne Hadfied-Spears : Med Ch Vernier

Sources:

  1. Corbonnois, D. (2004) L’odyssée de la Colonne Leclerc : Les Français Libres au combat sur le front du Tchad, 1940-43
  2. http://minitracks.forumpersos.com/t155-engins-francais-depuis-1941-a-1945
  3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13th_Demi-Brigade_of_the_Foreign_Legion
  4. Haugh, D. (2002) http://www.warwheels.net/images/AMDodgeTanakeDATASHEET.pdf
  5. Bishop, C. (1998) The Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War II. p.190. Sterling Publishing.
  6. Latimer, J. (2002) Alamein. p.329.
  7. Post by Reasoner, D. (2006) http://testofbattle.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=2916&sid=2b9b5a228faeb353ef45af3326d173d3

Gazala Tank Strengths Cross Referenced

Michael Carver’s Tobruk (1964) breaks down tank strengths on the 27th  of May 1942 for the start of Rommel’s Operation Skorpion (p.167). comparing this with the chain of command from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Gazala#Allies  threw up some anomolies, which I had to resolve by working out the strengths for the whole of 8th Army. The task was complicated by the British habit of splitting tanks into cruiser/medium heavy tanks, and infantry tanks, as two separate groupings.

“Where’s my truck!”…. “Behind You!”*
8th Army [Lt Gen Ritchie] – 843 (28) tanks of which:
30 Corps [Norrie] – 167 (5) Grants, 149 (5) Stuarts**, 275 (9) Crusaders allocated as follow:
(2) Stuart, (2) Crusaders
1st Armd Div [Maj Gen Lumsden](1) Crusader
2nd Armd Bde [Brig Briggs](1) Grant, (3) Crusader.
22nd Armd Bde [Brig Carr](1) Grant, (3) Crusader.
201st Gds Mot Bde [Brig Marriott/Johnson] -
7th Armd Div [Maj Gen Messervey]- (1) Grant
4th Armd Bde [Brig Richards/Gatehouse](2) Grant,  (2) Stuart.
(British) 7th Mot Bde [Brig Renton]3 motor rifle battalions
(Indian) 3rd Mot Bde [Brig Filose] – 3 motor rifle battalions
(Indian) 29th Inf Bde [Brig Reid]3 infantry battalions
1st Free French Bde [Brig Koenig]4 infantry battalions with supporting arms
Plus 1 Armoured Brigade (from Army Reserve) -  75 (2) Grants (s3) and 75 (2) Stuarts (s3)
6 RASC companies and 4 light field ambulances, with a Divisional Workshop and Brigade Workshop for each brigade. This is roughly as many trucks as tanks, and gives an idea of how big the logistic tail was stretching across the desert. Even this monster was unable to sustain battle for more than a few days at a time before resupply was needed.
**Stuart tanks seemed to be popular with Artillery FOOs in armoured formations, which would easily swallow the “missing” Stuarts in the breakdown above

May 1942 GAZALA (Venezia)

- this was my original breakdown. The slight differences probably reflect Crusaders being replaced by Grants as battle losses occurred.

Allied

Tanks – 849 (28) broken down as :
Armoured cars :  (10) Marmon-Herrington, (3) Humber

Cruiser : (3) Honey, (10) Crusader
Medium : (1) Lee, (4) Grant
Infantry : (3) Matilda, (7) Valentine

German

Tanks – 330 (11) broken down as :
Light : (2) PzII
Medium : (8) PzIIIh
Heavy : (1)  PzIVe

Italian

Tanks – 228 ( 7)  broken down as :
Light: (2) L6/39
Medium : (2)  M11/39, (3) M13/41

The three pictures show that I have a long way to go until the orbats are complete, mostly on the British side, but everything needs more paint..

Monthly Archives: September 2012 - Gazala


Luftflotte 2 (MittelMeer-Afrika)(Nov 1941- Jan 1942)

My rather generic 1/144 Luftwaffe models don’t yet give the feel of the Mediterranean theatre, so here is a quick look at what needs to be done to rectify the situation, with my current cheerfully impressionistic (aka unfinished) air fleet, and some rather better paint jobs from folk who have done the work and research. What is clear from even a cursory search of the web, is that many aircraft fought initially in their North European camouflage, being overpainted as they moved their operating airfields to North Africa. Many of the Stukas and transport aircraft remained dark green, with a white theatre band as the only concession to their new home. I should stress that I’m not trying to get scale accuracy, just something that reflects the look of the Gruppen. Update Dec 2012 : The models are coming along but not quite there yet. I’ve updated the pictures.
GELA (Sicily) – JG 26/271 Bf 109E (4)

Die-cast Bf109 copyright the Author
When they first arrived from Sicily, the 109s from JG 26/27 were in a grey scheme as shown on the WW2Aircraft.net forum below, so I have some painting to do.

Copyright Wayne Little – posted on ww2aircraft.net/forum/aircraft-markings-camouflage/
CATANIA (Sicily) – LG11 Ju 88A (2), 1 Ju 88D (2)

JU88

My Ju 88s (above) still need some work to get LG 1 into the air (as seen below)
http://wp.scn.ru/en/ww2.  Original copyright Clavework Graphics
The scheme above is North European, but clearly in the Mediterranean theatre as the white band on the fuselage shows. The scheme below is more recognisably North African.
 http://wp.scn.ru/en/ww2. Original copyright Michel Martraix
(North Afrika) – StG 2 2 Ju 87B (2)
JU87Protz
Hubert Pölz’s famous Stuka nose art  in StG 2 from http://wp.scn.ru/en/ww2 (top) and my 1/144 Dyna-Flite diecast version (above).
 A later StG 2 Stuka at Alamein from http://wp.scn.ru/en/ww2.
TRAPANI (Sicily) – Stg 1 - 2 Ju 87R (2)
This useful page gives a large number of schemes  including those above: http://www.afwing.com/gallery/ju87.htm Copyright Nowi scans 1999 Weal
Ju-87A5MK
This diecast Ju 87 is rough-and-ready, as is the painting, but it is starting to look the part. Copyright the Author
COMISO (Sicily) – KG262 He 111H-3 (2)
HE111
I had a bit of bother finding sources for Kg26 on the web, so these He 111s are still a work in progress. Copyright the Author (above)
11may1216
320_stg3screeny (1)1024

Gazala – Axis Forces

German and Italian forces

balconySupreme Commander North Africa: General Ettore Bastico
Model of a a comfortable hotel somewhere in TRIPOLI with a grand balcony for reviewing parades.

Italian Mobile Army (XX) Corps

Lieutenant-General Gastone Gambara  Comd car (s3), Signals Truck (s3), 20mm Flak Truck (s3), Ambulance Truck (s3), 
Signature Corps Troops
(from amalgamating troops that appear in divisions in small numbers)
Mixed AA Battalion1 Cannone da 90/53 (s3) + limber (s3), 1 20/65 modello 35(s3) + limber (s3) (both may be self-propelled)
Artillery Battalion1 Comd (s3),  FOO (s3), 100mm Howitzer (s3) + limber (s3)
Anti-tank Batalion1 Semovente 75/18 (s3), 1 Semovente 47/32 (s3)
Armoured Bersaglieri Recce BattalionAutoblinda AB 41 (s3)




Ariete
  • 132 Armoured Division Ariete (General Mario Balotta) 1 Comd car (s3), 1 Signal van (s3), 1 20mm Flak Truck (s3), 1 Ammo Truck (s3), 1 POL Truck (s3), 1 Engineer Truck (s3), 2 Engineer (s3), 1 Autoblinda 41 (3)
  • 132nd Armoured Regiment1 Comd car (s3)
    • VII Tank Battalion1 M13/41 (s3)
    • VIII Tank Battalion1 M13/41 (s3)
    • IX Tank Battalion1 M11/39 (s3)
    • 32nd Light Armoured Regiment1 L6/39 (s3)
    • 8th Bersaglieri Regiment (Motorised)1 Comd car (s3), 1 Mortar (s3), 1 47mm Atk (s3), 1-2 m/c (s3),
    • IX and X Battalions 4 Truck (s3), 2 Bn Comd (s3), 6 Rifle (s3), 2 MG (s3), 2 45mm Mortars (s3)
    • 132nd Artillery Regiment1 Comd Car (s3), 1 FOO (s1), 1 75/25 Gun (s3) + Limber (s3)
littorio
  • 133 Armoured Division Littorio, Major General Gervasio Bitossi- 1 Comd car (s3), 1 Signal van (s3), 1 20mm Flak Truck (s3), 1 Ammo Truck (s3), 1 POL Truck (s3), 1 Engineer Truck (s3), 2 Engineer (s3), 1 Autoblinda 41 (3)
    • 133rd Tank Regiment1 Comd Car (s3), 1 M13/41 (s3), 1 M11/39 (s3)
    • 12th Bersaglieri Infantry Regiment1 Comd car (s3), 1 Mortar (s3),  1 47mm Atk (s3), 1-2 m/c (s3), 4 Truck (s3), 2 Bn Comd (s3), 6 Rifle (s3), 2 MG (s3), 2 45mm Mortars (s3)
    • 3rd Artillery Regiment – 1 Comd Car (s3), 1 FOO (s1), 1 75/25 Gun (s3) + Limber (s3)
    • 133rd Artillery Regiment (part)(see corps troops)
    • 3rd Tank Group Lancieri di Novara1 L6/39 (s3)
    trieste
  • 101 Motorised Division Trieste1 Comd car (s3), 1 Signals Truck (s3), 1 20mm Flak Truck (s3), 1 Ammo Truck (s3), 1 POL Truck (s3), 1 Engineer Truck (s3), 2 Engineer (s3)
  • 65th Infantry Regiment 1 Comd car (s3), 1 Mortar (s3), 4 Truck (s3), 6 Rifle (s3), 2 MG (s3)
  • 66th Infantry Regiment 1 Comd car (s3), 1 Mortar (s3), 4 Truck (s3), 6 Rifle (s3), 2 MG (s3)
  • 9th Bersaglieri Regiment 1 Comd car (s3), 1 Mortar (s3), 4 Truck (s3), 6 Rifle (s3), 2 MG (s3)
  • 21st Artillery Regiment 1 Comd car (s3), 1 FOO (s3), 1 Truck Limber (s3), 1 105mm Gun (s3), 1 Light Truck Limber (s3), 1 47mm PaK [may be Semovente L/40 da 47/32] (s3), 1 Limber (s3)
  • RECAM (Reconnaissance Unit of the Mobile Army Corps)  1 Saharina (s3)

Panzer Gruppe Afrika

General der Panzertruppe Erwin Rommel
Comd car or SdKfz 250 [Greif] (s3), Signals Truck (s3), 20mm Flak Truck (s3) Ambulance Truck (s3), Armd Car (s3)

Deutches Afrika Korps DAKpalm

Generalleutnant Ludwig Crüwell
Comd car [or captured Dorchester] (s3), Signals Truck (s3), 20mm Flak Truck (s3) Ambulance Truck (s3), Armd Car (s3)
  • DAK Artillery -  Comd car or SdKfz (s3), FOO (s1), Sdkfz 7 Limber (s3), 210mm Gun (s2)
  • DAK 605 Panzerjaeger Abteilung(Battalion) – Panzerjaeger 1b 4.7cm (s3)
  • DAK 606 Flak Abteilung - SdKfz 10/4 2cm 30 (s2), SdKfz 10 limber (s2)
  • 33rd/II Luftwaffe Flak Abteilung -  Flak 8.8cm (s2), SdKfz 7 limber (s2), 20mm Flak 38 L/113 (s2), SdKfz 10 limber (s2)
15.PD2

8.PR

  • 8th Panzer Regiment Comd PzII (s3), 4 PzIII** (s3)
  • 115th Infantry Regiment Comd Sdkfz 250, 251 or 263 (s3), 2 Comd car (1 may be an Sdkfz 250 or 251) (s3), 37mm Pak (s3), 2 Sdkfz 251 [incl 2 MG42] (s3), 2 Truck (s3), 8 Rifle (s3), 2 81mm Mortars (s3), 2 MG42 (s3)
  • 33rd Artillery Regiment Comd car (s3), FOO (s3), Sdkfz 11 Limber (s3), 105mm Gun or  SiG 33 (s3), Sdkfz 10 Limber (s3), 50mm Pak (s3)
21.PD1
  • 5th Panzer Regiment Comd PzII or PzIII (s3), 3 PzIII** (s3), 1 PzIV (s3)
  • 104th Infantry Regiment  As 115th Infantry Regiment Above.
  • 155th Artillery Regiment As 33rd Artillery Regiment Above. 1 Lorraine Schlepper  15cm (s3) may be substituted for the 105mm
90ltAfrika
(Renamed 90th Light Africa Division from 28 November 1941) (Generalmajor Max Sümmermann until 10 December (killed in action), then Generalmajor Richard Veith)
Comd car (s3), Signals Truck (s3), 20mm Flak Truck (s3), Ammo Truck (s3), POL Truck (s3), Engineer Truck (s3), 2 Engineer (s3)
  • 155th Infantry Regiment 3 Comd car (s3), 37mm Pak (s3), 2 81mm Mortar (s3), 4 Truck (s3), 8 Rifle (s3), 4 Mg 42 (s3)
  • 361st Infantry Regiment  As 115th Infantry Regiment Above.
  • Panzerjaeger Abteilung 605 Panzerjäger Ib 4.7cm (s3), sIG 33 (s1)
** For variety, instead of 4 PzIIIs, 1 PzII, 2 PzIIIs and 1 Pz 4 could be modelled, counting them all as medium tanks.
savona

  • 55th North African Infantry Division ‘Savona’ (General Fedele de Giorgis) 1 Comd car (s3), 1 Signals Truck (s3), 1 20mm Flak Truck (s3), 1 Ammo Truck (s3), 1 POL Truck (s3), 1 Engineer Truck (s3), 2 Engineer (s3)
  • 15th Infantry Regiment 1 Comd car (s3), 1 81mm Mortar (s3), 4 Truck (s3), 6 Rifle (s3), 2 MG (s3), 2 45mm Mortar (s3)
  • 16th Infantry Regiment  As 15th Infantry Regiment Above.
  • 12th Artillery Regiment Comd car (s3), FOO (s3), Truck Limber (s3), 105mm Gun (s3), Light Truck Limber (s3), 47mm Pak (s3)

Italian XXI Corps

Lieutenant-General Enea Navarrini   1 Comd car (s3), 1 Signal van (s3), 1 Ambulance (s3), 1 Armd Car (3)

Signature Corps Troops
(from amalgamating troops that appear in divisions in small numbers)
Mixed AA Battalion1 Cannone da 90/53 (s3) + limber (s3), 1 20/65 modello 35(s3) + limber (s3) 
Artillery Battalion1 Comd (s3),  1 FOO (s3), 1 100mm Howitzer (s3) + limber (s3)
Anti-tank Batalion1 Semovente 75/18 (s3), 1 Semovente 47/32 (s3) (both may be towed with limber)


pavia
  • 27th Infantry Regiment 1 Comd car (s3), 1 81mm Mortar (s3), 6 Rifle (s3), 2 MG (s3), 2 45mm Mortar (s3)
  • 28th Infantry Regiment  As 27th Infantry Regiment Above.
  • 26th Artillery Regiment  As 12th Artillery Regiment Above.
bologna
  • 39th Infantry Regiment 1 Comd car (s3), 1 81mm Mortar (s3), 6 Rifle (s3), 2 MG (s3), 2 45mm Mortar (s3)
  • 40th Infantry Regiment  As 39th Infantry Regiment Above.
  • 205th Artillery Regiment As 12th Artillery Regiment Above.
brescia
  • 19th Infantry Regiment  As 39th Infantry Regiment Above.
  • 20th Infantry Regiment  As 39th Infantry Regiment Above.
  • 55th Artillery Regiment  As 12th Artillery Regiment Above.
trento
  • 102 Motorised Division Trento 1 Comd car (s3), 1 Signals Truck (s3), 1 20mm Flak Truck (s3), 1 Ammo Truck (s3), 1 POL Truck (s3), 1 Engineer Truck (s3), 2 Engineer (s3)
  • 61st Infantry Regiment 1 Comd car (s3), 1 81mm Mortar (s3), 6 Rifle (s3), 2 MG (s3), 2 45mm Mortar (s3)
  • 62nd Infantry Regiment  As 61st Infantry Regiment Above.
  • 46th Artillery Regiment  1 Comd car (s3), 1 FOO (s3), 1 Truck Limber (s3), 1 105mm Gun (s3), 1 Light Truck Limber (s3), 1 47mm PaK [may be Semovente L/40 da 47/32] (s3)
*Trucks: 4 small trucks each carrying 2 stands, or 2 large trucks each carrying 4 stands. APCs carry the same as a small truck – 2 stands and have an integral MG stand that can dismount in defence if the APC is not destroyed.

References

1.http://www.enotes.com/topic/Operation_Crusader_order_of_battle
 2. Greene, J. and Massignani, A. (1999). Rommel’s North Africa Campaign: September 1940-November 1942. Da Capo Press
3. This truck showcased on the Duchy of Alzheim Blog belonged to General Bergonzoli of the Centauro division (not present at GAZALA). Even so, it would make an excellent signals truck for one of the armoured divisions.
4. by Hunter, B. (2006) Axis History forum. http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?t=104408

Gazala – British and Commonwealth Forces (Op Crusader)

Forces built up piecemeal in the desert on both sides, so I have taken an arbitary snapshot round about the time of the first GAZALA battles (November 1941) as the basis for a mini campaign. As ever, I am open to suggestions and comments from those with a better knowledge of the period.

British and Commonwealth Forces

Commander-in-Chief Middle East Command: General Claude Auchinleck

British Eighth Army

Lieutenant-General Alan Cunningham, succeeded on 26 November by Lieutenant-General Neil Ritchie
Model of a Nissen hut with a Campari sun umberella outside.

XXX Corps

Lieutenant-General Willoughby Norrie
Comd Car (s3), Signals Truck (s3), Ammo Truck (s3), POL Truck (s3), Ambulance Truck (s3), Workshop Truck (s3)
Comd Car (s3), Signals Truck (s3), Ammo Truck (s3), POL Truck (s3)
  • Divisional troops
    • 4th South African Armoured Car Regiment – Marmon Harrington Armd Car (s3)
  • 102nd Royal Horse Artillery – FOO (s1), Limber (s3), 25pdr (s3)
  • 1st Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment RA – Bofors 40mm (s3) + limber (s3)
  • 1st Royal Natal Carabineers SA Infantry Corps (Lieutenant Colonel Len Hay, M.C.) (As above)
  • 1st Transvaal Scottish SA Infantry Corps (As 1DoE above)
  • One Sqn 3rd SA Armoured Car Regt SA Tank Corps – Marmon Harrington Armd Car (s1)
  • 3rd and 4th Anti-Tank Batteries SA Artillery Corps – FOO (s1), Limber (s2), 2pdr (s2)
  • 1st Light Anti-Aircraft Battery SA Artillery Corps – Truck (s1), 20mm AA (s1) (or portee)
  • 1st Field Company SA Engineering Corps – Truck (s1), Engr (s1)
  • 11th and 15th Field Batteries of 4th Field Regt SA Artillery Corps – FOO (s1), Limber (s2), 25pdr (s2)
  • 7th, 19th and 20th Field Batteries of 7th Field Regt SA Artillery Corps  -FOO (s1), Limber (s3), 25pdr (s3)
  • 5th South African Infantry Brigade (As 1st bde above)
  • 22nd Guards BrigadeComd Car (s3), Signals Truck (s3), Rifle stand (s3) (Defence Platoon)
    • 9th battalion Rifle BrigadeComd (s3),  3 Rifle Stands (s3), VickersMMG (s3), 3″Mortar (s3), ATkRifle (s3), 2 3ton Trucks(s3)
    • 3rd battalion Coldstream Guards - Comd (s3),  3 Rifle Stands (s3), VickersMMG (s3), 3″Mortar (s3), ATkRifle (s3), 2 3ton Trucks(s3)

XIII Corps

Lieutenant-General Reade Godwin-Austen
Comd car (s3), Signals Truck (s3), Ammo Truck (s3), POL Truck (s3), Ambulance Truck (s3), Workshop Truck (s3) 40mm Flak + Truck (s3)
Comd car (s3), Signals Truck (s3), Ammo Truck (s3), POL Truck (s3), Ambulance Truck (s3), Workshop Truck (s3), 40mm Flak (s3) + Truck (s3)
  • 4th New Zealand Infantry Brigade – Comd (s3), Signals Vehicle (s3), Rifle stand (s3) (Defence Platoon)
  • 18th Infantry Battalion – Comd (s3), 3-4 Rifle Stands (s3), VickersMMG (s3), 3″Mortar (s3), ATkRifle (s3) (Boyes)
  • 19th Infantry Battalion – (As 18 Bn above)
  • 20th Infantry Battalion – (As 18 Bn above)
  • 5th New Zealand Infantry Brigade – (As 4th Bde above)
    • 21st Infantry Battalion
    • 22nd Infantry Battalion
    • 23rd Infantry Battalion
  • 6th New Zealand Infantry Brigade – (As 4th Bde above)
    • 24th Infantry Battalion
    • 25th Infantry Battalion
    • 26th Infantry Battalion
  • Divisional troops
    • (Reconnaissance) – Marmon Herrington Armd Car (3)
    • 1 Field Regiment, Royal Artillery FOO (s1), Limber (s3), 25pdr (s3)
    • 25 Field Regiment, Royal Artillery FOO (s1), Limber (s3), 25pdr (s3)
    • 31 Field Regiment, Royal Artillery FOO (s1), Limber (s3), 25pdr (s3)
Comd car (s3), Signals Truck (s3), Ammo Truck (s3), POL Truck (s3), Ambulance Truck (s3), Workshop Truck (s3)

Tobruk Garrison

Major-General Ronald Scobie
Comd car (s3), Signals Truck (s3), 40mm Flak + Truck (s3), Ambulance Truck (s3), Workshop truck (s3)
Comd car (s3), Signals Truck (s3), Ammo Truck (s3), POL Truck (s3), Ambulance Truck (s3), Workshop Truck (s3) 40mm Flak + Truck (s3)
  • Polish Independent Carpathian Rifle Brigade
    • I Carpathian Rifle Battalion
    • II Carpathian Rifle Battalion
    • III Carpathian Rifle Battalion
    • 11 Czechoslovakian Infantry Battalion
    • 2/13 Australian Infantry Battalion
    • Carpathian Machine Gun Battalion
    • Carpathian Field Regiment FOO (s1), Limber (s3), 25pdr (s3)
***The Brigade was a mix of Valentines and mostly Matildas

Oasis Force

Brigadier Denys Reid
  • 29th Indian Infantry Brigade – (As 4th NZ Inf Bde above)
  • 6th South African Armoured Car Regiment – Marmon Harrington Armd Car (3)

Army Reserve

Key Dates for the North African Campaigns in the Western Desert

This is a work in Progress as I rough out the framework for a North African Campaign, text taken wholesale from  http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/war/the-north-african-campaign/timeline :
In broad terms, there were 3 Major British desert land offensives: Compass (December 1940), Crusader (November 1941) and Lightfoot/Supercharge (October/November 1942).
These were followed by Torch (November 1942) and Vulcan (April 1943 ) in Tunisia

1940

10 June: Italy declared war on Great Britain and France; Canada declared war on Italy.
11 June: Australia, New Zealand and South Africa declared war on Italy.
11-12 June: East Africa campaign began.
4 August: Italy invaded British Somaliland.
13 September: Italy invaded Egypt.
28 October: Italy invaded Greece.
9 December: Operation Compass, the first Western Desert offensive began.
16 December: British offensive opened in Italian East Africa; Egypt cleared of Italian forces.

1941

6 February: OKW issue order for Operation Sonnenblume.
22 January: Tobruk in Libya fell to British and Australian troops.
7 February: Benghazi captured by British.
12 February: German forces under General Erwin Rommel arrived in TRIPOLI.
17 February: Instructions issued to military commanders for a Greek expedition.
6-7 March: British troops entered Greece.
24 March: Rommel captured EL AGHEILIA in Libya with little resistance.
30 March: Enemy counter offensive began in the Western Desert. German armour and Italian infantry advanced.
3 April: British evacuated BENGHAZI.
6 April: Germany invaded Yugoslavia and Greece.
10 April: Australians forced to withdraw to TOBRUK.
12-13 April: Rommel encircled TOBRUK. Siege began.
14 April: German attack on TOBRUK repulsed.
22-29 April: Evacuation of troops from Greece to Crete and Egypt.
27 April: Germans entered Athens. Greece surrendered to Germany.
15 May: Operation Brevity. Limited counterattack by Wavell retook HALFAYA pass.
17 May: Italian forces in East Africa surrendered.
20 May: German airborne invasion of Crete began. MALEME airfield captured.
26 May: Operation Skorpion (Venezia) began.
28-31 May: British and Commonwealth troops evacuated from Crete.
2-11 June: The Cauldron Battle around BIR HAMAT/SIDI MUFTAH
15-18 June: Operation Battleaxe failed to relieve TOBRUK.
4-6 October: BENGHAZI and TRIPOLI raided by RAF.
18 November: Operation Crusader began in the Western Desert. New Zealand Division crossed the Libyan frontier into Cyrenaica.
21 November: Tank battle between British 8th Army and Axis forces began south and south-east of TOBRUK.
23 November: Totensonntag
26 November: New Zealand Division linked up with garrison at TOBRUK.
27-30 November: Axis forces returned to TOBRUK front.
2 December: Heavy RAF raids on Axis supply bases in TRIPOLI and BENGHAZI.
10 December: Siege of TOBRUK lifted.
11 December: Germany declared war on United States.
16 December: Rommel began retreat to EL AGHEILA.
24 December: 8th Army captured BENGHAZI.

1942

2 January: 8th Army captured BARDIA.
6 January: Rommel commenced offensive at EL AGEDABIA.
8 January: Rommel repulsed and withdrew during sandstorms.
21 January: Rommel commenced second offensive.
23 January: Axis troops took EL AGEDABIA.
29 January: Rommel’s forces retook BENGHAZI.
20 February: Western Desert frontline stabilised at GAZALA.
26 May: Rommel launched Operation Venezia to recapture TOBRUK.
5 June: The “Cauldron battle around SIDI MUFTAH.
12 June: The “Knightsbridge” crisis at BIR BEL(L)EFAA.
21 June: Rommel captured TOBRUK.
30 June: Rommel reached EL ALAMEIN.
1 July: First Battle of EL ALAMEIN.
7 August: General Bernard Montgomery took command of 8th Army.
2 September: Montgomery drove Rommel back by  in the Battle of ALAM HALFA.
21 September: Rommel handed over command of Italian-German Panzer Army to General Stumme and left for Germany.
23 October: Operation Lightfoot (Second Battle of El Alamein) began. New Zealand Division captured MITEIRYA RIDGE.
25 October: General Stumme died. Rommel returned to North Africa.
28 October: RAF disrupted German armour reforming for possible counter attack at EL ALAMEIN.
2 November: Operation Supercharge began. 8th Army broke through Axis forces at EL ALAMEIN. New Zealand Division opened a way for British armour.
8 November: Operation Torch began. American and British forces land in French Morocco and Algeria under Lieutenant General Eisenhower.
11 November: Axis forces driven out of Egypt.
13 November: TOBRUK fell to the 8th Army
20 November: BENGHAZI recaptured by British forces.
13 December: Rommel withdrew from EL AGHEILA.
Fieseler Storch Fi 156. (1937), [STOL Army Cooperation]. All Fronts. (Tankzone model from the Author’s collection)

1943

23 January: 8th Army under General Montgomery entered TRIPOLIi.
29 January: 8th Army advance parties entered Tunisia.
27 February: 8th Army took up position opposite the MARETH LINE, Tunisia.
6 March: Rommel attacked 8th Army in Tunisia and was repulsed.
9 March: Rommel left North Africa and returned to Germany on sick leave.
20-28 March: 8th Army broke through the MARETH LINE.
5 April: Operation Flax. Allied air operation cut Axis air supply lines to North Africa
6 April: Axis forces in Tunisia withdrew as British and American forces link up.
22 April: Operation Vulcan. First Army offensive began against TUNIS.
7 May: Operation Strike. Operation Retribution was an air and sea blockade of Axis Naval forces to cut off North Africa.
7 May: Allies captured TUNIS.
12-13 May: German and Italian troops surrendered in North Africa.
Sources:
  1. ‘The North African Campaign timeline’,  http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/war/the-north-african-campaign/timeline, (Ministry for Culture and Heritage). I simply cut and pasted the text, deleted specific references to the Kiwi divisions and tidied up the tenses used to the past tense. Otherwise this can be considered an edited quote from this website. I have added further dates for German Offensives. The NZ site may have drawn it’s (uncredited) text from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_African_Campaign_timeline, as Wiki cites reference sources and the NZ Ministry for culture doesn’t. The two texts are too similar to be coincidental.
  2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Compass
  3. Ellis, J. (1993) The World War II Databook. London: BCA
  4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Flax
  5. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Retribution
  6. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Skorpion
  7. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Sonnenblume (Don’t miss the Hindi verion on youtube :http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uB7YYIQvzbQ – Sadly, there is no singing!)